Intestinal barrier in human health and disease

Intestinal barrier in human health and disease

Major Gheorghe GIURGIU¹,Prof dr Manole COJOCARU^2,3

¹Deniplant-Aide Sante Medical Center, Biomedicine, Bucharest, Romania

deniplant@gmail.com; Telephone: +40 744 827 881

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5449-2712

²Academy of Romanian Scientists

³Titu Maiorescu University, Faculty of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania

cojocaru.manole@gmail.com; Telephone: +40 723 326 663
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7192-7490

Background The intestinal mucosa provides a selective permeable barrier for nutrient absorption and protection from external factors. It consists of epithelial cells, immune cells and their secretions. The gut microbiota participates in regulating the integrity and function of the intestinal barrier in a homeostatic balance. Pathogens, xenobiotics and food can disrupt the intestinal barrier, promoting systemic inflammation and tissue damage. 

Objectives Many factors influence microbial dysbiosis such as diet, stress, drugs, diseases, age, and lifestyle. To demonstate the link between Imuniplant, the gut microbiota composition and metabolic activity, and the management of intestinal barrier. 

Materials and methods Understanding how gut microbes can trigger or protect from systemic autoimmune diseases is crucial. Dysbiosis in the gut can also drive systemic autoimmune diseases. 

Results Genetic and immune factors predispose individuals to gut barrier dysfunction, and changes in the composition and function of the gut microbiota are central to this process. The progressive identification of these changes has led to the development of the concept of ‘leaky gut syndrome’ and ‘gut dysbiosis’, which underlie the relationship between intestinal barrier impairment, metabolic diseases and autoimmunity.    

Conclusion  Gut microbes, or their secreted metabolites, directly interact with gut-associated lymphoid tissues. Microbial dysbiosis disturbs the immune function leading to inflammation and sensitization of the immune system and causing autoimmune diseases. Microbial dysbiosis is strongly linked to local inflammation and autoimmune diseases.

Keywords intestinal barrier; microbiome, autoimmune diseases, dysbiosis, Imuniplant